Noon Sakinah and Tanween Rules

The rules, one by one

• Izhar Halqi

  إظهار حلقي

  Before a throat letter, a nūn with no vowel or a tanwīn is said clearly, without holding the nasal sound.

  When a nūn with no vowel or a tanwīn is followed by one of the six throat letters: ء ه ع ح غ خ, in the same word or at the start of the next.

  2,831 times in the Quran

• Idgham with Ghunnah

  إدغام بغنّة

  The nūn merges into the next letter, with a nasal sound held two counts.

  Between two words: a nūn with no vowel or a tanwīn (final “n”), then yā, nūn, mīm or wāw.

  3,933 times in the Quran

• Idgham without Ghunnah

  إدغام بلا غنّة

  The nūn disappears completely into the lām or rā that follows, with no nasal sound.

  Between two words: a nūn with no vowel or a tanwīn (final “n”), then lām or rā.

  1,035 times in the Quran

• Iqlab

  إقلاب

  Before a bā, the nūn turns into a mīm, with a nasal sound held two counts.

  When a nūn with no vowel, or a tanwīn (final “n”), is followed by a bā (ب).

  562 times in the Quran

• Ikhfa

  إخفاء

  The nūn is not said clearly: it hides in a nasal sound, held two counts.

  A nūn with no vowel, or a tanwīn (final “n”), before: ت ث ج د ذ ز س ش ص ض ط ظ ف ق ك.

  5,301 times in the Quran

Practise: tajweed exercises with answers

One example per rule

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• وَٱنْحَرْ

  wanḥar

  Al-Kawthar 108:2 Izhar Halqi followed by ح (ḥā) said clearly

  The nūn is said clearly, without holding the nasal sound, then the ḥā, a throat letter, follows at once.

• جُوعٍ وَءَامَنَهُم

  jūʿinw̃wa'āmanahum

  Quraysh 106:4 Idgham with Ghunnah followed by و (wāw) ن+و← و nasal sound · 2 counts

  The nūn of the tanwīn disappears, but its nasal sound stays, carried by the wāw: the merger is not complete.

• يَكُن لَّهُۥ

  yakunllahū

  Al-Ikhlas 112:4 Idgham without Ghunnah followed by ل (lām) ن+ل← لّ no nasal sound

  The nūn merges into the lām, with no nasal sound: a doubled lām is said.

• مِنۢ بَعْدِ

  minm baʿdi

  Al-Bayyinah 98:4 Iqlab followed by ب (bā) ن+ب← م+ب nasal sound · 2 counts

  Followed by a bā, the nūn becomes a hidden mīm: lips relaxed, not pressed, and the nasal sound for two counts.

• ٱلْإِنسَـٰنَ

  l-insāna

  Al-'Asr 103:2 Ikhfa followed by س (sīn) ن+س← ن+س nasal sound · 2 counts

  The nūn is said neither clearly nor merged: it hides in the nose, the mouth already set for the sīn.

Each rule in numbers

Counted on the text of the Madani Mushaf (Hafs reading).

Computed by Tilawa on the text of the Madani Mushaf (Hafs reading), from the letter that follows.

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